People do not normally get h1n1 influenza, but human infections can and do happen. This strain had crossed hosts from swine to humans and appeared to have the potentially dangerous capability of humantohuman transmission. The h1n1 virus is a more severe strain of influenza. Stephen redd was wrapping up an influenza flu pandemic planning meeting on april 15, 2009, when someone on the phone reported that a new or novel influenza a virus had infected a 10yearold boy in california. Pdf can chinese medicine be used for prevention of corona. Influenza poses one of the worlds greatest infectious disease challenges. Health information resources for the 2009 swine flu h1n1 influenza outbreak. The centers for disease control and prevention cdc estimated that in the united states during april 12, 2009april 10, 2010, there were 61 million clinical cases of influenza and that 274,000 persons were hospitalized and 12,500 died. That changed several years ago, when a new virus emerged that. Recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in.
Swine influenza is a respiratory infection common to pigs worldwide caused by type a influenza viruses, principally subtypes h1n1, h1n2, h2n1, h3n1, h3n2, and h2n3. The 2009 flu outbreak in humans, known as swine influenza or h1n1 influenza a, refers to influenza a due to a new h1n1 strain called swineorigin influenza virus a soiv. Infection prevention and control recommendations may need to be modified in special circumstances e. Infection prevention and control in health care in providing. May 09, 2019 how to prevent and prepare for h1n1 swine flu. A report detailing maine cdcs response to the 2009 h1n1 pandemic and recommendations for similar events is now available. Pandemic influenza guidance 2 the novel h1n1 influenza was first detected in the united states in midapril 2009. Field and epidemiologic investigations external icon. Information including treatment, prevention, and symptoms of sporadic swine influenza virus siv or swine flu infection. It was caused by an h1n1 virus with genes of avian origin.
Swine influenza virus siv or swineorigin influenza virus soiv is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. Vaccine production often takes more than 6 months from identification of a new strain to widespread dissemination to the public, by which time the initial wave. Evolution of the 2009 h1n1 influenza virus pandemic maryland, the nation and the world. The document infection prevention and control of epidemic and pandemicprone acute respiratory diseases in health care who interim guidelines1 provides detailed information on infection prevention and control precautions for influenza virus with sustained humantohuman transmission applicable for the current pandemic h1n1 2009. A novel influenza a h1n1 virus of swine origin emerged among people in mexico. Children younger than 6 months may have fever, decreased activity and poor appetite.
The 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic after action summary includes a summary of events and actions, findings from evaluation activities and debriefings, recommendations, and current progress. It is likely that the 2009 h1n1 virus will continue to spread for years to come, like a regular seasonal influenza virus. The pandemic h1n1 2009 influenza virus differs in its pathogenicity from seasonal influenza in two key aspects. Influenza control program policy 20192020 influenza season letter pdf, 79kb amended influenza prevention policy pdf, 76kb influenza prevention policy q and a pdf, 281kb influenza vaccine pdf, 1kb. In 2001, influenza a h1n2 viruses that probably emerged after genetic reassortment between human a h3n2 and a h1n1 viruses began circulating widely. In addition, influenza c viruses may also cause illness in swine. The sporadic h1n1 swine influenza virus siv infection that people can experience has the potential to produce a number of clinical signs and symptoms. The aap recommends an iiv iiv3 or iiv4 as the primary choice for all children because the effectiveness of laiv4 was inferior against influenza a h1n1 during past seasons and is unknown against influenza a h1n1 for this upcoming season. The 1918 influenza pandemic was the most severe pandemic in recent history.
The lasting impacts of the h1n1 flu pandemic response. Pdf treatment and prevention of pandemic h1n1 influenza. The 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic, which was declared by the world health organization. On april 26, 2009, the united states declared a public health emergency in response to the 2009 pandemic influenza ah1n1pdm09 virus. It was called swine flu early on because tests showed that it was like flu viruses that occur in swine pigs. As of 2009, the known siv strains include influenza c and the subtypes of influenza a known as h1n1, h1n2, h2n1, h3n1, h3n2, and h2n3. Clinical management of human infection with pandemic h1n1. Protection by face masks against influenza ah1n1pdm09 virus. The rapid spread and magnitude of the 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic shows clearly that the current armamentarium available for prevention of global influenza transmission is insufficient. Iipw is an annual event to raise awareness about the importance of infection prevention and what consumers can do to guard against infections. Aug 11, 2010 internationally, 2009 h1n1 viruses and seasonal influenza viruses are cocirculating in many parts of the world. Us department of health and human servicescenters for disease control and prevention mmwr august 26, 2016 vol.
The first outbreak occurred in 2009 and infected people all over the world. By the end of the month, it was clear that the novel new strain of influenza also contained genes from an avian flu strain. The 2019 calendar year marked the pandemics 10th anniversary. Swine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease in pigs caused by one of several swine influenza a viruses. An hhs retrospective on the 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic. How to prevent and prepare for h1n1 swine flu with pictures.
Compiled by disaster information management research center, nlm, nih. Influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by influenza a or b viruses, and rarely influenza c viruses, which occurs in outbreaks worldwide every year, mainly during the winter seasons in temperate climates. Cdc published a study that analyzed data related to h1n1 influenza pediatric deaths reported to cdc from april to august 2009 in mmwr. Acip reintroduced laiv4 as an option for the 20182019 influenza season. Although there is not universal consensus regarding where the virus originated, it spread worldwide during 19181919. The influenza reporting year is defined by standard reporting weeks outlined by the centers for disease control and prevention, where every year has 52 or 53 reporting weeks. Pdf can chinese medicine be used for prevention of. Influenza prevention involves taking steps that one can use to decrease their chances of contracting flu viruses, such as the pandemic h1n1 09 virus, responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic.
Influenza information province of british columbia. Its called swine flu because in the past, the people who caught it had direct contact with pigs. H1n1 influenza swine flu h1n1 influenza is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type a influenza viruses that cause regular outbreaks in pigs. By june 2009, the world health organization declared that a pandemic of.
The new swine flu virus is actually a genetic mixture of two strains, both found in swine, of unknown origin. Influenza planning and response pandemic influenza flu. As h1n1 influenza continues to spread and more people become infected with the virus, apics message for iipw 2009 focuses on how consumers can stay healthy during this flu season. Both influenza a and b viruses are further separated into groups on the basis of. However, sporadic human infections with swine flu have occurred.
The 2009 influenza a h1n1 monovalent vaccine was released in mid october. Swine influenza viruses also can cause moderate to severe illness in humans and affect persons of all age groups. Flulike symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, headache, chills and feeling very tired. Methods historical records on prevention and treatment of infections in cm classics, clinical evidence of cm on the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome sars and h1n1 influenza, and. Emergence of a novel swineorigin influenza a h1n1 virus in humans external icon. Flu vaccines for 201819 protect against the viruses that cause swine flu and one or two other viruses that are expected to be the most common during flu season. Effects of vaccine program against pandemic influenza ah1n1. Data showed 477 deaths with labconfirmed 2009 h1n1 flu in the u. Jun 11, 2019 influenza virology and animal transmission studies antigenic and genetic characteristics of swineorigin 2009 ah1n1 influenza viruses circulating in humans pdf icon 327 mb, 7 pages external icon. H1n1 influenza or swine flu is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease of pigs caused by type a influenza virus that regularly causes outbreaks of influenza in pigs.
What is the role of vaccination in the prevention of h1n1. Treatment and prevention of pandemic h1n1 influenza. The centers for disease control and prevention cdc reports the earliest onset of h1n1 in the u. The latter are composed of key genes from the 1918 virus, updated by subsequentlyincorporated avian influenza genes that code for novel surface proteins, making the 1918 virus indeed the mother of all pandemics. In april 2009, the h1n1 influenza virus, commonly known as swine flu, was detected in people in the united states. The centers for disease control and prevention recommends annual flu vaccination for everyone age 6 months or older. Cdc programs protect the united states from seasonal influenza, as well as pandemic influenza which occurs when a new flu virus emerges that can infect people and spread globally. The immunization series consisted of 2 doses for children younger than 10 years, consisting of an initial dose and a booster to be administered several weeks later. The influenza a h1n1pdm09 virus, or swine flu, is a novel strain that circled the globe in 2009 and resulted in approximately 575,400 deaths. On june 11, 2009, the world health organization who declared an h1n1 pandemic and on october 24, 2009, president barack obama declared the spread of the h1n1 flu a national emergency. After influenza a h1n1 pdm09 virus was identified in april 2009, it spread rapidly, largely through air travel by infected passengers. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic that started with the 1918 spanish flu killed 20 to 50 million people worldwide, followed by epidemics of asian flu in 1957, hong kong flu in 1968, and russian flu in 1977, each with random and severe attacks on human populations.
The immunization series consisted of 2 doses for children younger than 10 years, consisting of an initial dose and a. The immunization series consisted of 2 doses for children younger than. First, as the majority of human population has little or no. On may 2, 2009, china implemented intensive screening of arriving air passengers by using thermal cameras to detect fever and a short questionnaire about existing respiratory symptoms and fever. Emergence of a novel swineorigin influenza a h1n1 virus in humans laboratory supplemental pdf icon 4. October 1824, 2009 is international infection prevention week iipw. Crossreactive antibody responses to the 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus external icon. Swine flu h1n1 flu symptoms and causes mayo clinic. H1n1 influenza viruses have been reported to spread from persontoperson.
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